It is Extreamly Important to Understand that Biblically Babylon is the Exalted Kingdom, one of the 7 exalted Gentile Kingdoms while Assyria is a minor Kingdom though possibly the largest minor Kingdom, still a minor kingdom.

Babylon = Ultimate Insider
Assyrian = Ultimate Outsider

And Babylon, the Jewel of the [7 Gentile] Kingdoms, the glory of the pride of the Chaldeans, will be like Sodom and Gomorrah when God overthrew them. – Isaiah 13:19 CSB

… and the Pride of Assyria shall be brought down, and the Sceptre [the 2nd of 7 Gentile Kingdoms – Revelation 17:9-11] of Egypt shall depart away. – Zechariah 10:11 KJV

The Ultimate Outsider is eventually the Antichrist (an Assyrian – outsider, trespasser)

Example:

Prince William = Babylonian
Prince Harry = Assyrian (i.e. Antichrist)

Biblically a mention of ‘Babylon’ in any form i.e. ‘Babylon The Great’ is a reference to all 7 of the Gentile Kingdoms including the last kingdom the Trespassing Kingdom of the Antichrist.

by David Anson Brown

Background and Additional Information

Babylon broke from Assyrian control in 626 B.C. when a Chaldean (Babylonian) leader named Nabopolassar [father of Nebuchadnezzar II] took advantage of a brutal civil war in Assyria following the death of Assyrian King Ashurbanipal. Nabopolassar successfully expelled the Assyrian garrisons from Babylonia and was crowned King of Babylon in 625 B.C. – Google AI Gemini

The royal succession in Babylon from Nabopolassar to Nebuchadnezzar II to Belshazzar

The Kings of Babylon

• King Nabopolassar – 1st King of Babylon – Father of Nebuchadnezzar II

• Nebuchadnezzar II (605–562 BC)

The most prominent and longest-reigning ruler of the Neo-Babylonian Empire.

He is famous for his military conquests (including the destruction of Jerusalem in 586 BC), his massive building projects in Babylon, and for changing the Hebrew captive Daniel’s name to Belteshazzar.

• Amel-Marduk / Evil-Merodach (562–560 BC)

The biological son and successor of Nebuchadnezzar II. Reigned six months and was Assassinated by Nergal-sharezer.

He is primarily known in historical (Babylonian ration tablets) and Biblical texts (2 Kings 25:27-30) for releasing the captive Judean King Jehoiachin from prison.

The Jehoiachin Rations Tablets are a series of cuneiform administrative records discovered in the ruins of Babylon. Dating to the 6th century B.C.E., they document the food and oil allowances given to the exiled Judean ‘Jewish’ King Jehoiachin, by King Nebuchadnezzar II.

King Evil-Merodach was assassinated by his brother-in-law, Neriglissar.

• Neriglissar / Nergal-sharezer (560–556 BC)

He usurped the throne following the murder of Amel-Marduk (Evil-Merodach). Prior to becoming king, he served as a high-ranking official under Nebuchadnezzar. He spent his short reign focusing on public works and military campaigns.

• Labashi-Marduk (556 BC)

The young son of Neriglissar. He reigned for only about nine months before he was overthrown and assassinated in a conspiracy led by the Babylonian nobles.

• Nabonidus (556–539 BC)

The last king of Babylon – father of ‘acting King’ Belshazzar – Marriage to Nitocris a daughter of King Nebuchadrezzar II

Nabonidus spent much of his reign in the Arabian oasis of Tema, focusing on building temples to the moon god, Sin. Because of his absence, he left the de-facto ruling of Babylon to his son, Belshazzar.

• Nitocris – Daughter of King Nebuchadrezzar II – Wife of King Nabonidus – Mother of ‘King’ Belshazzar – the Queen Mother who sent for Daniel for the interpretation of the Handwriting on the Wall (Daniel 5:10-12)

Political Purpose: Her marriage to Nabonidus provided a strategic link to the previous, illustrious Chaldean dynasty.

Connection to Belshazzar: Modern historians and scholars deduce that she was the mother of Belshazzar, who served as a coregent during his father’s reign.

• King Belshazzar – Acting King for his father Nabonidus – Belshazzar was the Grandson of King Nebuchadrezzar II through his mother Nitocris a daughter of King Nebuchadrezzar II – The Last Ruler of Babylon i.e. a Type of the Antichrist

Belshazzar, the co-regent of Babylon, was killed on the night of October 12, 539 BC, during the Persian conquest led by Cyrus the Great.

His death occurred inside his palace [by Babylonian guards after a mistake in his identity] during a lavish feast, just as the Persian army bypassed the city’s defenses and infiltrated the capital.

The Origin of the Mistaken Identity

The “mistaken identity” detail actually comes from ancient Jewish folklore (specifically the Midrash) rather than historical or biblical fact.

According to this legend:

A terrified Belshazzar ordered his palace doorkeepers to execute anyone trying to force their way into the palace that night, even if the person claimed to be the king.

Belshazzar later left the palace (after the Handwriting on the Wall) through a rear exit to get some air to escape the panic.

When he tried to return, the guards didn’t recognize him [Belshazzar was the acting king – not the actual King] in the dark (or refused to believe his identity due to his strict orders) and killed him.

However, this is an apocryphal tale.

Mainstream accounts establish that his actual death was a calculated military assassination by Persian invaders during the siege of Babylon. – Google AI Gemini

The Night Babylon Fell | In 539 B.C., Cyrus the Great marched the Persian army into Babylon, the most powerful city in the ancient world and took it without firing a single arrow. No siege. No bloodbath. Just silence.

This is the story of how Persia ended a 2,000-year-old civilization in a single night, and why the man who did it is one of the most consequential figures in all of human history.